Results
In 2019, the unweighted NHIS sample contained 31,997 adults; of these, 3,741 (11.7%) reported current or former cigarette smoking and any chronic disease. Of these 3,741 participants, 262 (7.0%) were aged 18 to 44 years, 1,305 (34.9%) were aged 45 to 64 years, and 2,174 (58.1%) were aged 65 years or older.
Current cigarette smoking prevalence among young adults in the study ranged from 22.6% (95% CI, 16.4%–28.8%) among those with diabetes to 51.9% (95% CI, 37.4%–66.5%) among those with 2 or more chronic diseases (Table 1). Among the middle-aged group, current cigarette smoking prevalence ranged from 17.3% (95% CI, 15.0%–19.7%) among those with diabetes to 49.1% (95% CI, 44.2%–53.9%) among those with COPD. Among the older age group, current cigarette smoking prevalence ranged from 6.0% (95% CI, 4.7%–7.4%) among those with diabetes to 21.5% (95% CI, 18.4%–24.5%) among those with COPD.
Among young adults, the prevalence of former cigarette smoking ranged from 13.6% (95% CI, 10.6%–16.6%) among those with any chronic disease to 20.0% (95% CI, 9.0%–31.0%) among those with 2 or more chronic diseases (Table 1). Among middle-aged adults, the prevalence of former cigarette smoking ranged from 24.7% (95% CI, 19.3%–30.2%) among those with a history of stroke to 34.2% (95% CI, 26.0%–42.4%) among those with history of cancer. Among older adults, prevalence ranged from 42.8% (95% CI, 39.9%–45.8%) among those with diabetes to 57.6% (95% CI, 54.1%–61.1%) among those with COPD.
During 2010 through 2019, adults aged 45 to 64 years and those older than 65 years with COPD consistently had a high prevalence of current cigarette smoking (Figure). Among older adults with CHD, the prevalence of current cigarette smoking significantly increased during 2010 to 2016, then began trending downward. Additionally, among older adults with 2 or more chronic diseases, the trend in the prevalence of current cigarette smoking increased during 2010 to 2016, then decreased (Table 2). We did not find other joinpoints; therefore, all other APCs were considered constant and equal to average APC. We found a significant decrease in current cigarette smoking among middle-aged adults with diabetes.
Figure.
Trends in prevalence of current cigarette smoking by age group and chronic disease associated with cigarette smoking, National Health Interview Survey, 2010–2019. A, Participants aged 18 to 44 years. B, Participants aged 45 to 64 years. C, Participants aged 65 years or older. Abbreviation: NR, not reported.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2022;19(9):E62 © 2022 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
