Conclusions
Postsurgical chronic pain is common in elderly cardiac surgery patients. Preoperative polypharmacy, living alone, physical frailty, living alone and lower mental HRQL were positively associated to chronic pain following cardiac surgery. Secondly, chronic pain was associated with worse physical HRQL following cardiac surgery. The results of our study advocate that early identification of these factors may be used to identify older patients at risk for chronic pain after cardiac surgery.
Abbreviations
HRQL: Health related quality of life; aRR: Adjusted relative risk; 95% CI: 95% Confidence interval; AGE: Anesthesia Geriatric Evaluation; MNA: Mini Nutritional Assessment; TGUG : Timed Get Up & Go test; 5-MWT: Five-meter gait speed test; MMSE: Minimal Mental State Examination; SF-36: Short-Form 36 questionnaire; NSAIDs: Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs; Oxycontin: Oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release; Oxynorm: Oxycodone hydrochloride immediate-release; SSRIs: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; TCAs: Tricyclic antidepressants; ICU: Intensive care unit; IQR: Interquartile range; SD: Standard deviation; RR: Risk ratios; AIC: Akaike Information Criterion; REML: Restricted maximum likelihood estimation.
Acknowledgements
Not applicable.
Funding
This study received no funding.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
The institutional review board (Medical Research Ethics Committees United (www.mec-u.nl)) approved this study. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations (Declaration of Helsinki). All patients provided written informed consent.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
BMC Anesthesiol. 2022;22(201) © 2022 BioMed Central, Ltd.
