Abstract and Introduction
Abstract
Background: Atypical meningioma is a variant of meningioma with a high risk of recurrence. Gross total resection is the standard of treatment, while no consensus on optimal adjuvant management has been found.
Methods: Between 2008 and 2018, a retrospective search identified 216 grade II meningiomas treated in six centers. Clinical, histological, and therapeutic data were analyzed to determine the prognostic factors of recurrence and survival.
Results: In total, 216 patients underwent surgical resection. Among these, 122 patients (56%) underwent gross total resection, and 21% of the patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. Univariate analysis reported subtotal resection, high Ki-67, negative progesterone receptor (PR) and histological grade evolution as unfavorable prognosis factors. According to multivariate analysis, the Ki-67 proliferative index (cut-off value of 17.5%) was the only prognostic factor of recurrence (HR 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0–1.2, P=0.048). Gross total resection improved progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.03) but without impact on overall survival (OS) (P=0.2). Median PFS and OS times were longer for patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy than those who did not receive adjuvant radiotherapy. PFS (P=0.3) and OS (P=0.7) were associated with adjuvant RT by trend only. After a median follow-up time of 6.7 years, 99 (46%) patients relapsed. Median progression-free and OS rates were 4.5 (95% CI, 3.5–5.5) and 14.7 years (11.4–NA), respectively.
Conclusions: In this study, Ki-67 proliferative index was significantly associated with recurrence. Gross total resection significantly improved PFS without impacting OS. Adjuvant radiotherapy delayed recurrence and improved OS, but a longer follow-up time is needed to distinguish a statistically significant difference. Large prospective studies are needed to determine postoperative treatment guidelines.
Introduction
Meningiomas, which are derived from arachnoid cap cells, account for 20% of all cases of intracranial tumors.[1] In the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, meningiomas are classified into three grades based on their histopathological features.[2] Brain invasion or a mitotic count of 4 or more mitoses per 10 high-power fields (×400) is sufficient for diagnosing a WHO grade II meningioma.[1] Atypical meningiomas (WHO grade II) account for 20–35% and have a slight male predominance.[1] The prognosis of atypical meningiomas is worse with a 10-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rate from 23% to 78% and 50% to 79%, respectively.[3] The standard care of treatment is gross total surgery, and there are no guidelines considering adjuvant radiotherapy.[4]
The present study aimed to describe the clinical, histological and therapeutic data of a grade II meningioma population to investigate recurrence and survival factors. We present the following article in accordance with the STROBE reporting checklist (available at https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/cco-20-226).
Chin Clin Oncol. 2021;10(3):26 © 2021 AME Publishing Company
