Conclusion/Key Message
This study showed that the observed association between OSA and gout disappeared after extensively adjusting for BMI, heart failure, diuretics, and renal function, in particular. As the latest guidelines for the treatment of gout by the British Society of Rheumatology recommend to discuss the use of ULT with every patient, even after a first attack of gout, we think that it is important that physicians are aware that gout occurs more frequently in the presence of various comorbidities, among which OSA. Our study also emphasizes the importance of using frequently recorded electronic lab test data to assess renal function in UK primary care data, rather than READ codes.
Abbreviations
OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea; BMI: Body mass index; MSU: Monosodium urate; ATP: Adenosine triphosphate; UK: United Kingdom; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration; CPRD: Clinical Practice Research Datalink; GP: General practitioner; ULT: Uric acid-lowering therapy; ACE-inhibitors: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs: Angiotensin II receptor blockers; NIADDs: Non-insulin antidiabetic drugs; CI: Confidence interval; SD: Standard deviation; OR: Odds ratio; Adj.: Adjusted
Acknowledgements
None
Funding
There was no funding for this study.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
CPRD has been granted Multiple Research Ethics Committee approval (05/MRE04/87) to undertake purely observational studies with external data linkages, including ONS mortality data. The present study is based on anonymized and unidentifiable CPRD data and is also approved by the Independent Scientific Advisory Committee (ISAC) of the Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (protocol number 14_231R), which is primarily responsible for reviewing the study protocols. In the case of this observational research, no further ethical approval was deemed necessary by ISAC.
Consent for publication
This manuscript does not contain any individual data.
Arthritis Res Ther. 2020;22(92) © 2020 BioMed Central, Ltd.
Copyright to this article is held by the author(s), licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original citation.
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