Intervention |
Name/Registration |
Population |
Size |
Key Outcomes |
Duration |
Results or Expected Completion Date |
Lifestyle and behavior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Aerobic dance training |
ADTSVD/NCT02730065 |
≥2 lacunes or early confluent or confluent WMH |
110 |
30-min cognitive battery, TCD pulsatility index |
6 mo |
Estimated completion: 2019 |
Aerobic exercise33,34 |
NCT01027858 |
WMH with neurological signs and cognitive impairment |
70 |
ADAS-Cog, WMH volume |
6 mo |
Compared with placebo, better ADAS-Cog scores at 6 mo but the difference was not sustained at 6 mo; no change in WMH volume in substudy of 30 |
Aerobic exercise |
RISE-2/NCT02068391 |
High WMH |
39 |
CBF, gray matter density |
6 mo |
Final data, March 2018; not yet published |
Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise35 |
AIBL |
Subjective memory complaints or MCI with ≥1 vascular risk factor |
98 |
WMH volume |
2 y |
No difference in WMH volume at 24 mo |
Resistance training twice weekly or once weekly36 |
NCT00426881 |
Cognitively not impaired with WMH on MRI |
54 |
WMH volume, Stroop test |
1 y |
End-study WMH volume lower in the twice-weekly group compared with stretching |
Resistance training |
Reshaping the Path of Vascular Cognitive Impairment/NCT02669394 |
Subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment |
88 |
ADAS-Cog subscale plus; WMH volume; MRI DTI |
1 y |
Estimated completion: December 2020 |
Optimizing vascular risk reduction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Telmisartan, 80 mg per day, and rosuvastatin, 10 mg per day37 |
NA |
Hypertensive |
732 |
WMH volume; MMSE |
5 y |
Two-by-two factorial design with placebo. No effect of telmisartan; rosuvastatin treated had less increase in WMH but interpretation complicated by an interaction between the rosuvastatin and telmisartan arms |
Target systolic <125 mm Hg38,39 |
PRESERVE |
Hypertensive, lacunar stroke with confluent WMH |
111 |
DTI MRI; CBF by ASL MRI (n=62) |
12 wk |
No difference in DTI white matter damage between intensive and standard BP lowering; CBF preserved at lower target in substudy |
Telemetric BP monitoring |
PROHIBIT ICH/NCT03863665 |
Primary ICH with systolic >130 mm Hg |
112 |
WMH volume |
1 y |
Estimated completion: December 2021 |
Amlodipine, losartan, and atenolol |
TREAT-SVDS/NCT03082014 |
Lacunar stroke, cognitive impairment with WMH, or CADASIL |
105 |
MRI-measured vascular reactivity to CO2 |
4 wk of treatment with each (crossover design) |
Estimated completion: March 2020 |
Pharmacological |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allopurinol, 300 mg BID |
XILO-FIST/NCT02122718 |
Recent ischemic stroke or TIA |
464 |
WMH volume |
2 y |
Estimated completion: September 2020 |
DL-3-n-butylphthalide, 200 mg TID40 |
NA |
Subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment |
281 |
ADAS-Cog, CIBIC-plus |
6 mo |
Change in ADAS-Cog and CIBIC-plus favored treatment arm |
DL-3-n-butylphthalide, 200 mg TID40 |
NCT03906123 |
Subcortical ischemic vascular dementia |
64 |
WMH volume, CBF on ASL MRI, neuropsychological testing |
48 wk |
Estimated completion: December 2019 |
Tadalafil41 |
PASTIS/NCT02450253 |
Lacunar stroke or TIA with MRI lacunes or WMH |
55 |
CBF by ASL MRI |
Single dose |
Completed but not yet published |
RIC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
RIC42,43 |
NCT01658306 |
Lacunar infarction or generalized WMH |
36 |
WMH volume, MoCA |
1 y |
Reduced WMH volume compared with sham-RIC; significantly better visuospatial and executive function sections of the MoCA |
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