Pediatric Chest: A Review of the Must-know Diagnoses

Shreya Sood, MD; Julia Rissmiller, MD; Anastasia Hryhorczuk, MD

Appl Radiol. 2018;47(4):4-14.

Abstract and Introduction

Introduction

Diagnostic imaging of the pediatric chest patient differs vastly from that of the adult patient. Both common and rare entities may manifest differently in younger children than in adults. Additionally, the sort of pathology encountered in pediatric patients also varies. Identifying the range of pediatric thoracic abnormalities on various diagnostic modalities is essential to providing optimal care for our pediatric patients. Referring clinicians look to radiologists to provide diagnoses that will direct clinical decision-making. With these aims, this review will cover the "must-know" congenital and acquired lesions in the pediatric chest.

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Table 1. Subtypes and characteristics of bronchopulmonary sequestrations.
Type of Sequestration	Age of Presentation	Blood supply	Associated Anomalies
Intralobar	Older child	Systemic arterial supply Pulmonary venous drainage	Rare
Extralobar	Younger child	Systemic arterial supply Usually systemic venous drainage	Often, particularly CDH & CPAM*