| Author |
Year |
Sample |
Method |
Main results |
| Assessment of hypersexuality |
| Ballester-Arnal et al. [24] |
2013 |
1196 Spanish college students (891 women, 305 men); M age = 20.2 years |
Paper and pencil version of SCS, SSSS, BDI, and CPS for all participants; n = 100 participants second test time 1 week later |
SCS internal consistency α = 0.84; test–retest reliability = 0.73. The SCS showed a positive correlation with sexual sensation seeking (P<0.001), depression (P = 0.007), and number of sexual partners (P < 0.001). |
| Klein et al. [25] |
2014 |
1749 German community participants (750 men, 988 women); M age = 24.4 years |
Online versions of HBI, SSSS, SCS, and self-constructed questions concerning sexual behavior |
Confirmatory factor analysis supported three-factor structure (control, coping, consequences). HBI total score internal consistency α = 0.90. The HBI showed a positive correlation with SCS total score, masturbation frequency, number of sexual partners, and dissatisfaction with own sexual life. |
| Parsons et al. [26] |
2013 |
202 Self-identified highly sexually active (= having nine or more sexual partners in last 90 days) gay or bisexual men; M age = 37.0 years |
Online version of HDSI and self-constructed questions about demographics and HIV status |
HDSI internal consistency α = 0.90. Factor analysis suggested that a one factor or three factor solution (additional factor 'sex as coping mechanism') would better fit the data than the initially proposed two factor solution. |
| Pereira et al. [27] |
2013 |
159 Patients diagnosed with Parkinson disease (107 men, 52 women); M age = 68.2 years |
Paper and pencil version of SAST, analysis of answers for acceptability, dimensionality, construct validity, and general correlation structure |
On the basis of the analyses, a five-item screening version of the SAST was developed. Compared to clinical hypersexual disorder diagnosis the instrument revealed a specificity of 92.6% and a sensitivity of 100%. |
| Yeagley et al. [28] |
2013 |
366 Self-identified gay or bisexual men; M age = 21.5 years |
Online version of HBI and self-constructed questions concerning sexual behavior and HIV |
Confirmatory factor analysis supported three-factor structure. HBI control subscale correlated positively with the risk for unreceptive anal intercourse, whereas HBI coping subscale correlated negatively with unreceptive anal intercourse. |
| Management of hypersexuality |
| Cross et al. [29] |
2013 |
10 Male patients with dementia (8 Alzheimer, 1 vascular, and 1 mixed) and hypersexual behaviors |
MPA 100–400 mg daily. All patients have received other medications prior to MPA treatment (7 SSRIs, 6 antipsychotics, and 3 low-dose MPA) |
300 mg daily were the average dose leading to a notable reduction of inappropriate hypersexual behaviors.
70% of the men could return to their previous living arrangements. |
| Assessment of paraphilic disorder |
| Babchishin et al. [30] |
2013 |
35 CSAs with victim under 12 years of age vs. 21 nonsexual offenders |
Assessment of pedophilic sexual interests using IAT, viewing time, and explicit rating |
No differences between the groups were found concerning the IAT measure, however, viewing time and explicit rating could differentiate between the groups. Combined measure (IAT + viewing time + explicit rating) showed higher predictive validity (AUC = 0.88) than IAT (AUC = 0.60) or explicit rating (AUC = 0.73) alone but not higher than viewing time (AUC = 0.82) alone. |
| Hempel et al. [31] |
2013 |
46 Contact CSAs (M age = 49.1 years) vs. 19 noncontact CSAs (M age = 47.1 years) vs. 13 sexual offenders against adult women (M age = 37.3 years) vs. 40 nonoffenders (M age = 35.6 years) |
Assessment of child-sex associations vs. adult-sex associations using IAT and comparison between the four groups |
Internal consistency: α = 0.67
CSA had stronger child sex associations than nonoffenders. No differences were found between contact CSA and noncontact CSA.
The IAT could significantly distinguish between CSA and nonoffenders: AUC=0.65. |
| Mokros et al. [32] |
2013 |
42 Pedophilic sexual offenders vs. 27 nonsexual offenders vs. 95 community controls |
Assessment of pedophilic sexual interests using Affinity 2.5 (explicit sexual attractiveness rating of pictures combined with viewing time task) |
Internal consistency explicit rating α = 0.90–0.98; viewing time α = 0.79–0.89. Pedophilic sexual offenders had higher attractiveness ratings concerning pictures showing small children and prejuveniles in explicit ratings as well as in the viewing time measure. |
| Perillo et al. [33] |
2014 |
128 Mental health professionals (91 men, 37 women) |
Assessment of diagnostic interrater reliability about 375 sexual offender files |
PPV = probability that both clinicians agree on the presence of a given diagnosis. Pedophilia PPV = 78%, paraphilia NOS PPV = 52%, sexual sadism PPV = 33%. |
| Schmidt et al. [34] |
2014 |
19 Intrafamilial CSAs vs. 35 extrafamilial CSAs vs. 18 child pornography offenders |
Assessment of pedophilic sexual interests using EISIP (IAT + viewing time + explicit attractiveness rating) |
The EISIP could differentiate between the different CSA subgroups with intrafamilial CSAs showing lower sexual deviance scores than extrafamilial CSAs and child pornography offenders (P < 0.01). |
| Van Leeuwen et al. [35] |
2013 |
20 Self-reported pedophilic men vs. 20 self-reported heterosexual community men |
Assessment of pedophilic sexual interests using two implicit tasks: IAT and PAT |
The combined implicit measures (AUC = 0.97) showed higher predictive validity in distinguishing pedophilic men from nonpedophilic men than any of the single measures alone (IAT AUC = 0.89; PAT AUC = 0.84). |
| Management of paraphilic disorders |
| Koo et al. [36] |
2013 |
38 Sexual offenders (M age = 33.4) |
Leuprolide acetate (3.75 mg) subcutaneous depot injection given monthly for 3 months
Sexual fantasies were measured with Wilson's SFQ |
Testosterone levels decreased significantly. Ten months after therapy was ended testosterone levels had returned to their baseline level.
More than 70% men had a reduction of the frequency and intensity of sexual thoughts and 74% a reduction of masturbation frequency. One year after the end of treatment, all values in Wilson's SFQ had returned to their baseline level. |
| Koo et al. [37] |
2014 |
38 Sexual offenders (group A; M age = 33.4 years) vs. 18 sexual offenders (group B; M age = 34.9) |
Leuprolide acetate (3.75 mg) subcutaneous depot injection given monthly
Group A (3 months treatment) vs. group B (6 months treatment)
Sexual fantasies were measured with Wilson's SFQ |
In both groups, serum testosterone levels decreased significantly.
Scores in Wilson's SFQ decreased significantly during therapy in both groups.
One year after the end of treatment, Wilson's SFQ scores in group A had returned to baseline values. Wilson's SFQ scores in group B after 1 year were significantly lower than at baseline level. |
| Turner et al. [38] |
2013 |
32 Directors of forensic–psychiatric hospitals (23 men, 9 women), M age = 51.1 years |
Within a self-constructed questionnaire, directors reported about 3963 patients of whom 611 were sexual offenders. Assessment of pharmacological treatment methods for sexual deviance. |
97.2% of sexual offenders were treated psychotherapeutically.
63% of sexual offenders received no pharmacological agent, 11.5% received SSRIs, 10.6% GnRH agonists, 9.8% antipsychotics, and 5.1% CPA because of their sexual deviance. |
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