Radiotherapy
Although well described in 10–50% of children receiving radiotherapy to a field including both kidneys,[20] the true extent of chronic radiotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity in children is unclear, and may be under-recognized due to its late onset and the presence of other potential causes of renal damage in most patients.[19] Acute and subacute nephrotoxicity is often asymptomatic but may be revealed by biochemical manifestations of glomerular impairment (e.g., raised serum creatinine). Chronic renal damage may present with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, edema and anemia, often progressing to CRF.[19] Radiation-induced nephrotoxicity occurring after TBI given during conditioning treatment for HSCT may display features suggestive of HUS (e.g., microangiopathic hemolysis).[164,165]
Pediatr Health. 2010;4(5):519-538. © 2010 Future Medicine Ltd.
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