Ergogenic and Antioxidant Effects of Spirulina Supplementation in Humans

Table 1.  Analysis of daily energy intake after placebo and spirulina supplementation (mean T SEM)

	Placebo	Spirulina
Energy (kcal)	2537 ± 127	2421 ± 61
Carbohydrate (% energy)	44.0 ± 2.8	47.0 ± 1.7
Fat (% energy)	39.0 ± 3.1	37.1 ± 2.9
Protein (% energy)	17.0 ± 1.3	15.9 ± 1.6
Vitamin A (mg, RE)	999 ± 164	663 ± 177
Vitamin C (mg)	169 ± 18	162 ± 18
Vitamin E (mg, α-TE)	11.0 ± 1.4	11.5 ± 1.3
Selenium (μg)	155 ± 11	123 ± 5

α-TE, α-tocopherol equivalents; RE, retinol equivalents.

Authors and Disclosures

Maria Kalafati^1,2, Athanasios Z. Jamurtas^1,2, Michalis G. Nikolaidis^1,2, Vassilis Paschalis^1,2, Anastasios A. Theodorou^1,2, Giorgos K. Sakellariou1^1,2, Yiannis Koutedakis1^1,2,3, and Dimitris Kouretas<sup>4

1</sup>Institute of Human Performance and Rehabilitation, Center for Research and Technology - Thessaly, Trikala, GREECE; ²Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GREECE; ³School of Sport, Performing Arts and Leisure, Wolverhampton University, Walshall, UNITED KINGDOM; and ⁴Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, GREECE

Address for correspondence
Athanasios Z. Jamurtas, Ph.D., Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, Karies, 42100, Trikala, Greece; E-mail: ajamurt@uth.gr.