Hidrocystomas - A Brief Review

Khashayar Sarabi, BS, MSIV; Amor Khachemoune, MD, CWS

September 06, 2006

Abstract

Hidrocystomas, eccrine and apocrine, are rare cystic lesions that form benign tumors of the sweat glands. In this clinical review, we present a "classic" case of hidrocystoma and review the main epidemiologic, histologic, and clinical features. We also review the effectiveness of experimental treatment methods and present information about associated syndromes and differential diagnosis, focusing especially on hidrocystomas' resemblance to basal cell carcinoma.

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Table. Differentiation Between Eccrine and Apocrine Hidrocystomas
	Eccrine Hidrocystomas	Apocrine Hidrocystomas
No. of lesions	Solitary or multiple	Primarily solitary (but occasionally manifesting as multiple lesions)
Color	Ranges from flesh-colored to light-blue tint	Ranges from dark-blue tint to black
Size	1 to 6 mm in diameter	3 to 15 mm in diameter
Age group affected	30-75 years	30-75 years
Gender distribution	More prevalent among females than among males	Females and males are affected in equal numbers
Epithelium types	1-2 layers of cuboidal epithelium	Single/double cuboidal-columnar epithelium
Stains	S-100 positive (solitary type), PAS negative	S-100 negative, PAS positive
Special cellular features	No decapitation of cells, no secretory cells	Decapitation of secretory cells, papillary projections seen under microscope
Body location	Malar, periorbital, chest, axilla, neck	Face, ears, head, chest, shoulders
Possible treatments	Puncture and drainage, electrodessication, carbon dioxide laser, anticholinergic topical creams; placement in cold temperature	Puncture and drainage, electrodessication, carbon dioxide laser, anticholinergic topical creams
Special features	Worse in hot, humid weather	No change with temperature

PAS = periodic acid-Schiff

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Hidrocystomas - A Brief Review

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