Molecular Genetics of Head and Neck Cancer

Lyon L. Gleich, MD, Frank N. Salamone, MD

Cancer Control. 2002;9(5)

Conclusions

Abnormalities of many genes critically involved in the regulation of the cell cycle are found in head and neck cancer. Detection of these genetic changes may assist in both the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer in the future. Further research is needed to clarify how tumor genotype correlates with prognosis. In addition, simpler and less costly methods of detection need to be developed.

Although genetic and biologic therapies are still in the early phases of development, they hold promise for the treatment of head and neck cancer by addressing the fundamental defect of the malignant cell.

This article was originally certified for CME credit. For accreditation details, contact the publisher.
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612. Telephone: (813) 632-1349. Fax: (813) 903-4950. Email: ccjournal@moffitt.usf.edu. Cancer Control is included in Index Medicus/MEDLINE and EMBASE/Excerpta Medica.)

As a sponsor accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education, the University of South Florida College of Medicine must insure balance, independence, objectivity and scientific rigor in all its individually sponsored or jointly sponsored educational activities. Faculty participating in a sponsored activity are expected to disclose to the activity audience any significant financial interest or other relationship (1) with the manufacturer(s) of any commercial product(s) and (2) with any commercial supporters of the activity. (Significant financial interest or other relationship can include such things as grants or research support, employee, consultant, major stock holder, member of speaker's bureau, etc.). The intent of this disclosure is not to prevent a speaker with a significant financial or other relationship from making a presentation, but rather to provide listeners with information on which they can make their own judgments. It remains for the audience to determine whether the speaker's interests or relationships may influence the presentation with regard to exposition or conclusion.

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Reprint Address

Address reprint requests to Lyon L. Gleich, MD, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, P.O. Box 670528, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0528. E-mail: lyon.gleich@uc.edu

No significant relationship exists between the authors and the companies/organizations whose products or services may be referenced in this article.

Cite this: Molecular Genetics of Head and Neck Cancer - Medscape - Sep 01, 2002.

Table 1. Selected Studies of p53 Expression and Mutation That Included Evaluation of Prognosis
Study, Year	Patients	Method	p53 Abnormal	Measure	Results
Bova et al 1999^[3]	143	IHC	62%	Survival	No correlation
Bradford et al 1995^[4]	178	IHC	61%	Organ preservation	More likely with staining
Hirvikoski et al 1997^[5]	103	IHC	68%	Survival	Better with staining
Kapranos et al 2001^[6]	93	IHC	48%	Survival	No correlation
Kaur et al 1998^[7]	145	IHC	70%	Survival	Worse with staining only for oral cavity cancer
Kokoska et al 1996^[8]	66	IHC	61%	Survival	No correlation
Mao et al 1995^[9]	111	IHC	69%	Survival	No correlation
Michalides et al 1997^[10]	115	IHC	42%	Survival	No correlation
Narayana et al 2000^[11]	102	IHC	37%	Survival	No correlation
Osaki et al 2000^[12]	225	IHC	57%	Survival	Worse with staining
Portugal et al 1997^[13]	100	IHC	66%	Survival	No correlation
Pruneri et al 1998^[14]	149	IHC	50%	Survival	No correlation
Raybaud-Diogene et al 1997^[15]	101	IHC	49%	Recurrence	Worse with staining
Wilson et al 1995^[16]	99	IHC	76%	Survival	No correlation
Gleich et al 1996^[17]	50	LOH	38%	Survival	No correlation
Bradford et al 1997^[18]	44	PCR	39%	Survival	Worse with mutation
Chomchai et al 1999^[19]	45	PCR	33%	Survival	Better with mutation
Hegde et al 1998^[20]	39	PCR	33%	Survival	Worse with mutation
Hiranuma et al 1998^[21]	45	PCR	40%	Survival	No correlation
Hogmo et al 1999^[22]	34	PCR	59%	Recurrence	No correlation
Koch et al 1996^[23]	110	PCR	44%	Survival	No correlation
Ostwald et al 2000^[24]	94	PCR	43%	Survival	No correlation
Saunders et al 1999^[25]	42	PCR	48%	Recurrence	No correlation
Shima et al 2000^[26]	46	PCR	43%	Survival	No correlation

Table 2. Selected Studies of Retinoblastoma (Rb) Expression and Mutation
Study, Year	Patients	Method	Rb Abnormal	Measure	Results
Dokiya et al 1998^[28]	72	IHC	29%	Survival	Worse with abnormality
El-Naggar et al 1999^[29]	35	IHC	6%
Ioachim et al 1999^[30]	41	IHC	30%
Koontongkaew et al 2000^[31]	53	IHC	74%
Nakahara et al 2000^[32]	78	IHC	56%
Pande et al 1998^[33]	35	IHC	66%
Pavelic et al 1996^[34]	182	IHC	27%	Survival	T1 tumors worse with abnormality
Regezi et al 1999^[35]	55	IHC	40%
Xu et al 1998^[36]	34	IHC	9%
Gleich et al 1996^[17]	57	LOH	37%	Survival	No correlation
Scholnick et al 1994^[37]	37	LOH	59%
Yokoyama et al 1996^[38]	28	LOH	14%
Sartor et al 1999^[39]	25	Western blot	44%

Table 3. Studies of p16 Expression and Mutation
Study, Year	Patients	Method	p16 Abnormal	Measure	Results
Bova et al 1999^[3]	143	IHC	55%	Survival	Worse with abnormality
El-Naggar et al 1999^[24]	35	IHC	89%
Pande et al 1998^[33]	35	IHC	63%
Jares et al 1997^[43]	42	LOH	57%	Nodal metastasis	More with abnormality
Danahey et al 1999^[44]	26	PCR	58%	Recurrence	More with abnormality
Jares et al 1999^[43]	46	PCR	22%
Matsuda et al 1996^[45]	20	PCR	20%
Olshan et al 1997^[46]	33	PCR	36%
Sartor et al 1999^[39]	26	PCR	19%
Shintani et al 2001^[47]	32	PCR	56%
Sartor et al 1999^[39]	26	Western blot	69%

Table 4. Studies of p21 Expression
Study, Year	Patients	Method	p21 Expression	Measure	Results
Agarwal et al 1998^[50]	51	IHC	69%
Erber et al 1997^[51]	42	IHC	67%	Survival	Worse with staining
Hirvikoski et al 1999^[52]	144	IHC	68%	Survival	No correlation
Jeannon et al 2000^[53]	60	IHC	58%	Survival	Worse with staining
Kapranos et al 2001^[6]	93	IHC	55%	Survival	No correlation
Kuo et al 1995^[54]	51	IHC	92%	Nodal metastasis	More with staining
Mineta et al 1999^[55]	72	IHC	29%	Survival	No correlation
Ng et al 1999^[56]	88	IHC	82%
Osaki et al 2000^[12]	225	IHC	29%	Survival	No correlation
Pruneri et al 1999^[57]	132	IHC	69%	Metastasis	Less with staining
Ralhan et al 2000^[58]	30	IHC	53%
Regezi et al 1999^[35]	64	IHC	77%
Saunders et al 1999^[25]	36	IHC	86%
Tatemoto et al 1998^[59]	150	IHC	29%	Nodal metastasis	More with staining
van Oijen et al 1998^[60]	43	IHC	67%
Yook et al 1998^[61]	20	IHC	75%	Survival	No correlation
Yuen et al 2001^[62]	87	IHC	56%	Survival	Better with staining

Table 5. Studies of p27 Expression
Study, Year	Patients	Method	p27 Expression	Measure	Results
Kapranos et al 2001^[6]	93	IHC	53%	Survival	No correlation
Kudo et al 2000^[63]	17	IHC	18%
Mineta et al 1999^[55]	81	IHC	32%	Survival	Better with staining
Pruneri et al 1999^[57]	132	IHC	62%	Survival	Better with staining
Tamura et al 2001^[64]	102	IHC	47%	Survival	Better with staining

Table 6. Studies of Cyclin D1 Expression and Amplification
Study, Year	Patients	Method	Cyclin D1 Abnormal	Measure	Results
Okami et al 1999^[66]	11	FISH	36%
Akervall et al 1997^[67]	75	IHC	12%	Survival	Worse with staining
Bova et al 1999^[3]	147	IHC	68%	Survival	Worse with staining
Capaccio et al 1997^[68]	96	IHC	44%	Nodal metastasis	More with staining
Koontongkaew et al 2000^[31]	53	IHC	40%
Kyomoto et al 1997^[69]	45	IHC	53%	Survival	Worse with staining
Masuda et al 1996^[70]	42	IHC	55%	Survival	Worse with staining
Michalides et al 1997^[10]	115	IHC	49%	Survival	Worse with heavy staining
Mineta et al 2000^[55]	94	IHC	19%	Survival	Worse with staining
Nakahara et al 2000^[32]	78	IHC	36%
Pignataro et al 1998^[71]	149	IHC	32%	Survival	Worse with staining
Bellacosa et al 1996^[72]	51	Southern blot	18%	Survival	Worse with amplification
Callender et al 1994^[73]	32	Southern blot	34%
Fortin et al 1997^[74]	50	Southern blot	20%	Survival	No correlation
Gleich et al 1999^[75]	24	Southern blot	42%	Survival	No correlation
Meredith et al 1995^[76]	56	Southern blot	39%	Survival	Worse with amplification
Muller et al 1997^[77]	201	Southern blot	58%	Survival	No correlation

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