Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Overview

Mac Pannill, MPAS, PA-C

Topics in Advanced Practice Nursing eJournal. 2002;2(3)

Conclusion

PCOS is much more than just oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, or infertility. PCOS encompasses many long-term health problems such as the development of cardiovascular disease, type2 diabetes mellitus, and prolonged exposure to unopposed estrogen, which can lead to endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. Clinicians need to be aware of the risk factors for PCOS and intervene with a preventive approach, which may restore normal menstrual function, ovulation, and fertility for those desiring it. We can also prevent or limit the complications from which PCOS patients suffer, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and increased risk for unopposed estrogen.

Disclosure

Mac Pannill, MPAS, PA-C, has no significant financial interests to disclose.

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Cite this: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Overview - Medscape - Jul 31, 2002.

Table 1. Laboratory Studies
LH
FSH
TSH
Prolactin
Lipid panel (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides)
Fasting insulin level
2-hour 75-g glucose tolerance test
DHEAS
Testosterone
Free testosterone
17-Hydroxyprogesterone

LH, luteinizing hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

Table 2. Differential Diagnoses in Polycystic Ovaries
Pregnancy
Premature ovarian failure
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Pituitary adenoma
Late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Androgen-producing tumor of the ovary or adrenal gland
Discontinuation of oral contraceptives
Rapid weight loss
Extreme physical exertion

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Overview

Conclusion

Disclosure

Tables

Tables

References

Authors and Disclosures

Authors and Disclosures

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