Cullen B, O'Neill B, Evans JJ, Coen RF, Lawlor BA. A review of screening tests for cognitive impairment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007 Aug. 78(8):790-9. [Medline].
Beeldman E, Raaphorst J, Klein Twennaar M, de Visser M, Schmand BA, de Haan RJ. The cognitive profile of ALS: a systematic review and meta-analysis update. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015 Aug 17. [Medline].
Hill NL, Mogle JM, Munoz E, Wion R, Colancecco EM. Assessment of subjective cognitive impairment among older adults. J Gerontol Nurs. 2015 Apr. 41 (4):28-35; quiz 36-7. [Medline].
Langa KM, Levine DA. The diagnosis and management of mild cognitive impairment: a clinical review. JAMA. 2014 Dec 17. 312 (23):2551-61. [Medline].
Petersen RC, Stevens JC, Ganguli M, Tangalos EG, Cummings JL, DeKosky ST. Practice parameter: early detection of dementia: mild cognitive impairment (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2001 May 8. 56(9):1133-42. [Medline].
US Preventive Services Task Force., Owens DK, Davidson KW, Krist AH, Barry MJ, Cabana M, et al. Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2020 Feb 25. 323 (8):757-763. [Medline].
Mitchell AJ. A meta-analysis of the accuracy of the mini-mental state examination in the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment. J Psychiatr Res. 2009 Jan. 43(4):411-31. [Medline].
Mitchell AJ, Malladi S. Screening and case finding tools for the detection of dementia. Part I: evidence-based meta-analysis of multidomain tests. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2010 Sep. 18(9):759-82. [Medline].
Glasser M. Alzheimer's disease and dementing disorders: practices and experiences of rural physicians. Am J Alzheimer Dis Other Dement. 1993. 23:87-96.
Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov. 12(3):189-98. [Medline].
Tangalos EG, Smith GE, Ivnik RJ, Petersen RC, Kokmen E, Kurland LT, et al. The Mini-Mental State Examination in general medical practice: clinical utility and acceptance. Mayo Clin Proc. 1996 Sep. 71(9):829-37. [Medline].
Freidl W, Schmidt R, Stronegger WJ, Irmler A, Reinhart B, Koch M. Mini mental state examination: influence of sociodemographic, environmental and behavioral factors and vascular risk factors. J Clin Epidemiol. 1996 Jan. 49(1):73-8. [Medline].
Borson S, Scanlan J, Brush M, Vitaliano P, Dokmak A. The mini-cog: a cognitive 'vital signs' measure for dementia screening in multi-lingual elderly. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2000 Nov. 15(11):1021-7. [Medline].
Fage BA, Chan CC, Gill SS, Noel-Storr AH, Herrmann N, Smailagic N, et al. Mini-Cog for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease dementia and other dementias within a community setting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Feb 3. 2:CD010860. [Medline].
Brooke P, Bullock R. Validation of a 6 item cognitive impairment test with a view to primary care usage. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1999 Nov. 14(11):936-40. [Medline].
Pfeiffer E. A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1975 Oct. 23(10):433-41. [Medline].
Tariq SH, Tumosa N, Chibnall JT, Perry MH 3rd, Morley JE. Comparison of the Saint Louis University mental status examination and the mini-mental state examination for detecting dementia and mild neurocognitive disorder--a pilot study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2006 Nov. 14(11):900-10. [Medline].
Holtzer R, Verghese J, Wang C, Hall CB, Lipton RB. Within-person across-neuropsychological test variability and incident dementia. JAMA. 2008 Aug 20. 300(7):823-30. [Medline].
Carrière I, Fourrier-Reglat A, Dartigues JF, Rouaud O, Pasquier F, Ritchie K. Drugs with anticholinergic properties, cognitive decline, and dementia in an elderly general population: the 3-city study. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Jul 27. 169(14):1317-24. [Medline].
Knopman DS, DeKosky ST, Cummings JL, Chui H, Corey-Bloom J, Relkin N. Practice parameter: diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2001 May 8. 56(9):1143-53. [Medline].
Qaseem A, Snow V, Cross JT Jr, Forciea MA, Hopkins R Jr, Shekelle P, et al. Current pharmacologic treatment of dementia: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2008 Mar 4. 148(5):370-8. [Medline].
Morley JE. Behavioral management in the person with dementia. J Nutr Health Aging. 2013. 17(1):35-8. [Medline].
Stephan BC, Kurth T, Matthews FE, Brayne C, Dufouil C. Dementia risk prediction in the population: are screening models accurate?. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010 Jun. 6(6):318-26. [Medline].