Answer
Several studies may be indicated in patients with moyamoya disease. In a patient with stroke of unclear etiology, a hypercoagulability profile may be helpful. Significant abnormality in any of the following is a risk factor for ischemic stroke:
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Protein C
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Protein S
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Antithrombin III
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Homocysteine
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Factor V Leiden
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) can be obtained as part of the initial workup of possible vasculitis. However, a normal ESR does not rule out vasculitis.
Thyroid function and thyroid autoantibody levels have been shown to be elevated in a significant percentage of pediatric patients with moyamoya disease. [11] Therefore, monitoring these studies is indicated.
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Schematic representation of the circle of Willis, arteries of the brain, and brain stem.
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