Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pober JS. 1994. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia:W.B. Saunders and Company, 393.
Abou-Donia MB, Goldstein LB, Jones KH, Abdel-Rahman AA, Damodaran TV, Dechkovskaia AM, et al. 2001. Locomotor and sensorimotor performance deficit in rats following exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin, alone and in combination. Toxicol Sci 60:305-314.
Baj Z, Majewska E, Zeman K, Pokoca L, Dworniak D, Paradowski M. 1994. The effect of chronic exposure to formaldehyde, phenol and organic chlorohydrocarbons on peripheral blood cells and the immune system in humans. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 4:185-191.
Babcock GF, Taylor AF, Hynd BA, Sramkoski RM, Alexander JW. 1987. Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subset phenotypes comparing normal children and adults. Design Clin Immunol 5:175-179.
Bigazzi PE, Burek CL, Rosen R. 1986. Antibodies to tissue-specific endocrine, gastrointestinal and neurological antigens. In: Manual of Clinical Laboratory Immunology (Rose NR, Friedman H, Fahey JL, eds). Washington, DC:American Society of Microbiology, 762.
Bourke GJ, Daly LE, Mcgilvray J. 1985. Interpretation and Uses of Medical Statistics. Palo Alto, CA:Blackwell Scientific Publications. .
Cherry N, Creed F, Silman A, Dunn G, Baxter D, Smedley J, et al. 2001. Health and exposures of United Kingdom Gulf War veterans. Part I: the pattern and extent of ill health. Occup Environ Med 58:291-298.
Christenson B, Bottiger M, Svensson A, Jeansson S. 1992. A 15-year surveillance study of antibodies to herpes simplex virus Type 1 and 2 in a cohort of young girls. J Infect 25:147-154.
Cooper GS, Miller FW, Germolec DR. 2002. Occupational exposures and autoimmune diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2:303-313.
Cornacoff JB, Graham CS, LaBrie TK. 1995. Phenotypic identification of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes by flow cytometry as an adjunct to immunotoxicity evaluation. In: Methods in Immunotoxicology (Burleson GR, Dean JH, Munson AE, eds). New York:Wiley-Liss Inc., 211-226.
Diebler GE, Matenson RE, Kiew MW. 1972. Large scale preparation of myelin basic protein from central nervous tissues of several mammalian species. Prep Biochem 2:139-195.
Ferguson E, Cassaday HJ. 2001/2002. Theoretical accounts of Gulf War syndrome: from environmental toxins to psychoneuroimmunology and neurodegeneration. Behav Neurosci 13:133-147.
Fletcher MA, Morgan R, Klimas N, Gjerset J. 1992. Lymphocyte proliferation. In: Manual of Clinical Laboratory Immunology, Vol 2 (Rose NR, Conway de Macario E, Fahey JL, Friedman H, Penn GN, eds). 4th ed. Washington, DC:American Society for Microbiology, 213-219.
Gray GC, Reed RJ, Kaiser KS, Smith TC, Castanaga VM. 2002. Self-reported symptoms and medical conditions among 11,868 Gulf War-era veterans: the Seabee health study. Am J Epidemiol 155:1033-1044.
Griem P, Wulferink M, Stachs B, Gonzalez JB, Gleichmann E. 1998 Allergic and autoimmune reactions to xenobiotics: how do they arise? Immunol Today 134:133-141.
Haley RW. 2003. Excess incidence of ALS in young Gulf War veterans. Neurology 23:750-756.
Haley RW, Billecke S, La Du BN. 1999. Association of low PON1 type Q (type A) arylesterase activity with neurologic symptom complexes in Gulf War veterans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 157:227-233.
Haley RW, Kurt TL. 1997. Self-reported exposure to neurotoxic chemical combinations in the Gulf War. A cross-sectional epidemiologic study. JAMA 277:231-237.
Haley RW, Marshall WW, McDonald GG, Daugherty MA, Petty F, Fleckenstein JL. 2000. Brain abnormalities in Gulf War syndrome: evaluation of 1H NMR spectroscopy. Radiology 215:807-817.
Hallman WK, Kipen HM, Diefenbach M, Boyd K, Kang H, Leventhal H, et al. 2003. Symptom patterns among Gulf War registry veterans. Am J Public Health 93:624-630.
Heuser G, Vojdani A. 1997. Enhancement of natural killer cell activity and T and B cell function by buffered vitamin C in patients exposed to toxic chemicals: the role of protein kinase-C. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 19:291-312.
Horner RD, Kamins KG, Feussner JR, Grambow SC, Hoff-Lindquist J, Harati Y, et al. 2003. Occurrence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis among Gulf War veterans. Neurology 23:742-749.
Imai K, Matsuyama S, Miyake S, Suga K, Nakachi K. 2000. Natural killer cell cytotoxic activity of peripheral-blood lymphocytes and cancer incidence: an 11-year follow-up study of a general population. Lancet 356:1795-1799.
Iowa Persian Gulf Study Group. 1997. Self-reported illness and health status among Gulf War veterans. JAMA 277:238-245.
Kang HK, Mahn CM, Lee KY, Murphy FM, Simmens SJ, Young HA, et al. 2002. Evidence for a deployment-related Gulf War syndrome by factor analysis. Arch Environ Health 57:61-68.
Kroenke K, Koslowe P, Roy M. 1998. Symptoms in 18,495 Persian Gulf war veterans. J Occup Environ Med 40:520-528.
Kurt TL. 1998. Epidemiological association in US veterans between Gulf War illness and exposures to anticholinesterases. Toxicol Lett 102-103:523-525.
La Du BN, Billecke C, Hsu R, Haley RW, Broomfield CA. 2001. Serum paraoxonase (PON1) isozymes: the quantitative analysis of isozymes affecting individual sensitivity to environmental chemicals. Drug Metab Disp 29:566-569.
Lashof JC, Cassells JS. 1998. Illness among Gulf War veterans. JAMA 280:1010-1011.
Levine PH, Whiteside TL, Friberg D, Bruant J, Colclough G, Herberman RG. 1998. Dysfunction of natural killer cell activity in a family with chronic fatigue. Clin Immunol Immunpathol 88:96-104.
Loewenstein-Lichtenstein Y, Schwarz M, Glick D, Norgaard-Pedersen B, Zakut H, Soreq H. 1995. Genetic predisposition to adverse consequences of anti-cholinesterase in 'atypical' BCHE carriers. Nat Med 1:1081-1085.
Loveless SE, Smith C, Ladics GS. 1997. Further evaluation of incorporation of an immunotoxicological assay for assessing humoral immunity for hazard identification purposes in rats on standard toxicology studies. Toxicologist 36:1359.
Luster MI, Munson AE, Thomas PT, Holsapple MP, Fenters JD, White KL Jr, et al. 1988. Development of a testing battery to assess chemical-induced immunotoxicity: National Toxicology Program's guidelines for immunotoxicity evaluation in mice. Fundam Appl Toxicol 10:2-19.
Luster MI, Portier C, Pait DG, Rosenthal GJ, Germolec DR, Corsini E, et al. 1993. Risk assessment in immunotoxicology. II. Relationships between immune and host resistance tests. Fundam Appl Toxicol 23:71-82.
Maino VC, Suni MA, Ruitenberg JJ. 1995. Rapid flow cytometry method for measuring lymphocyte subset activation. Cytometry 20:127-133.
Matheson BA, Chisholm SM, Ho-Yen DO. 1990. Assessment of rapid ELISA test for detection of Epstein-Barr virus infection. J Clin Pathol 43:691-693.
McConnachie PR, Zahalsky AC. 1991. Immunological consequence of exposure to pentachlorophenol. Arch Envir Health 46:249-253.
McConnachie PR, Zahalsky AC. 1992. Immune alterations in humans exposed to the termiticide technical chlordane. Arch Envir Health 45:295-301.
Moss JI. 2001. Many Gulf War illnesses may be autoimmune disorders caused by the chemical and biological stressors pyridostigmine bromide, and adrenaline. Med Hypotheses 56:155-157.
Patarca R. 2001. Cytokines and chronic fatigue syndrome. Ann NY Acad Sci 933:185-200.
Racciatti D, Vecchiet J, Ceccomancini A, Ricci F, Pizzigallo E. 2001. Chronic fatigue syndrome following a toxic exposure. Sci Total Environ 270:37-31.
Rogers SW, Twyman RE, Gahring LC. 1996. The role of autoimmunity to glutamate receptors in neurological disease. Mol Med Today. 2(2):76-81.
Rook AWG, Zumia A. 1997. Gulf War syndrome: is it due to a systemic shift in cytokine balance towards a Th2 profile. Lancet 349:1831-1833.
Rosenbaum ME, Vojdani A, Susser M, Watson CM. 2001. Improved immune activation markers in chronic fatigue and immune dysfunction syndrome (CFIDS) patients treated with thymic A. J Nutr Environ Med 11:242-247.
Schumm WR, Reppert EJ, Jurich AP, Bollman SR, Webb FJ, Castelo CS, et al. 2002. Pyridostigmine bromide and the long-term subjective health status of a sample of over 700 reserve component Gulf War era veterans. Psychol Rep 90:707-721.
Sharabi Y, Danon YL, Berkenstadt H, Almog S, Mimouni-Bloch A, Zisman A, et al. 1991. Survey of symptoms following intake of pyridostigmine during the Persian Gulf War. Isr J Med Sci 27:565-658.
Shen ZX. 1998. Pyridostigmine bromide and Gulf War syndrome. Med Hypotheses 51:235-237.
Shearer WT, Rosenblatt HM, Gelman RS, Oyomopito R, Plaeger S, Stiehm ER, et al. 2003. Lymphocyte subsets in healthy children from birth through 18 years of age: the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trial Group P1009 Study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112:973-980.
Shehab Z, Brunell PA. 1983. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for susceptibility to varicella. J Infect Dis 148, No 3:472-476.
Shields PG. 1994 Pharmacogenetics: detecting sensitive populations. Environ Health Perspect 102(suppl 1):81-88.
Smialowicz RJ. 1995. In vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay: the mitogen-stimulated response and the mixed-lymphocyte reaction in immunotoxicity testing. In: Methods in Immunotoxicology (Burleson GR, Dean JH, Munson AE, eds). New York:Wiley-Liss Inc., 197-210.
Sorensen B, Streib JE, Strand M, Make B, Giclas PC, Fleshner M, et al. 2003. Complement activation in a model of chronic fatigue syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 112:397-403.
Terryberry JW, Thor G, Peter JB. 1998. Autoantibodies in neurodegenerative diseases: antigen-specific frequencies and intrathecal analysis. Neurobiol Aging 19:205-216.
Thrasher JD, Broughton A, Madison R. 1990. Immune activation and autoantibodies with long-term inhalation exposure to formaldehyde. Arch Environ Health 45:217-233.
Thrasher JD, Heuser G, Broughton A. 2001. Autoimmunity and other immunological abnormalities in humans chronically exposed to chlorpyrifos. Arch Environ Health 57:181-187.
Thrasher JD, Madison R, Broughton A. 1993. Immunologic abnormalities in humans chronically exposed to chlorpyrifos. Arch Environ Health 48:89-93.
Thrasher JD, Vojdani A, Cheung G, Heuser G. 1987. Evidence for formaldehyde antibodies and altered cellular immunity in subjects exposed to formaldehyde in mobile homes. Arch Environ Health 42:347-350.
Urnovitz HB, Tuite JJ, Higashida JM, Murphy WH. 1999. RNAs in the sera of Persian Gulf War veterans have segments homologous to chromosome 22q11.2. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 6:330-335.
Vojdani A, Campbell AW, Anyanwu E, Kashanian A, Bock K, Vojdani E. 2002. Antibodies to neuron-specific antigens in children with autism: possible cross-reaction with encephalitogenic proteins from milk, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Streptococcus group A. J Neuroimmunol 129:168-177.
Vojdani A, Campbell A, Brautbar N. 1993. Immune functional abnormalities in patients with silicone breast implants. Toxicol Ind Health 8:415-429.
Vojdani A, Franco AR. 1999. Multiplex PCR for the detection of Mycoplasma fermentans, M. hominis and M. penetrans in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, and Gulf War syndrome. J Chronic Fatigue Syndr 5:187-197.
Vojdani A, Ghoneum M, Brautbar N. 1992. Immune alteration associated with exposure to toxic chemicals. Toxicol Ind Health 8:239-254.
Vojdani A, Vojdani E, Cooper E. 2003. Antibodies to myelin basic protein, myelin oligodendrocytes peptides, α-β-crystallin, lymphocyte activation and cytokine production in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Intern Med 254:363-374.
Waters M, Boorman G, Bushel P, Cunningham M, Irwin R, Merrick A, et al. 2003. Systems toxicology and the chemical effects in biological systems (CEBS) knowledge base. Environ Health Perspect 111:811-824.
Whatt RM, Perera FP, Jedrchowski W, Santella RM, Garte SG, Bell DA. 2000. Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adduct levels in maternal and newborn white blood cells and glutathione S-transferase and CYP1A1 polymorphism. Cancer Epidem Biomark Prev 9:207-212.
Whiteside TL, Bryant J, Day R, Herbernann RB. 1990. Natural killer cytotoxicity in the diagnosis of immune dysfunction: criteria for a reproducible assay. J Clin Lab Anal 4:102-110.
Whiteside TL, Friberg D. 1998. Natural killer cells and natural killer cell activity in chronic fatigue syndrome. Am J Med 105:27S-34S.
Willison HJ, Yuki N. 2002. Peripheral neuropathies and anti-glycolipid antibodies. Brain 125:2591-2625.
Wilson SD, McCay JA, Butterworth LF, Munson AE, White KL. 2001. Correlation of suppressed natural killer cell activity with altered host resistance models in B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 177:208-218.
Winrow CJ, Hemming ML, Allen DM, Quistad GB, Casida JE, Barlow C. 2003. Loss of neuropathy target esterase in mice links organophosphate exposure to hyperactivity. Nat Genet 33:477-485.
Zhang Q, Zhou X-D, Denny T, Ottenweller JE, Lange G, LaManca JJ, et al. 1999. Changes in immune parameters seen in Gulf War Veterans but not in civilians with chronic fatigue. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 6:6-13.