Medscape www.medscape.com

References for:
Chemoembolization of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review

[Appl Radiol 33(3):8-12, 2004. © 2004 Anderson Publishing, Ltd.]


  1. El-Serag HB, Mason AC. Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. N Engl J Med.1999;340:745-750.
  2. El-Serag HB, Mason AC. Risk factors for the rising rates of primary liver cancer in the United States. Arch Intern Med.2000;160:3227-3230.
  3. Mathupala SP, Rempel A, Pedersen PL. Glucose catabolism in cancer cells: Identification and characterization of a marked activation response of the type II hexokinase gene to hypoxic conditions. J Biol Chem.2001;276:43407-43412.
  4. Llovet JM, Real MI, Montana X, et al. Arterial embolisation or chemoembolisation versus symptomatic treatment in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet.2002;359:1734-1739.
  5. Breedis C, Young G. The blood supply of neoplasm of the liver. Am J Pathol.1954;30:969-985.
  6. Egawa H, Maki A, Mori K. Effects of intraarterial chemotherapy with a new lipophilic anticancer agent, estradiol-chlorambucil (KM2210), dissolved in lipiodol on experimental liver tumor in rats. J Surg Oncol.1990; 44:109-114.
  7. Konno T. Targeting cancer chemotherapeutic agents by use of lipiodol contrast medium. Cancer.1990;66:1897-1903.
  8. Kruskal JB, Hlatky L, Hahnfeldt P, et al. In vivo and in vitro analysis of the effectiveness of doxorubicin combined with temporary arterial occlusion in liver tumors. J Vasc Intervent Radiol.1993;4:741-748.
  9. Ono Y, Yoshimasu T, Ashikaga R, et al. Long-term results of lipiodol-transcatheter arterial embolization with cisplatin or doxorubicin for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol.2000;23:564-568.
  10. Takayasu K, Shima Y, Muramatsu Y, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Treatment with intraarterial iodized oil with and without chemotherapeutic agents. Radiology.1987;163:345-351.
  11. Geschwind JF, Ramsey DE, van der Wal BCH, et al. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of liver tumors: Effects of embolization protocol on injectable volume of chemotherapy and subsequent arterial patency. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol.2003;26:111-117.
  12. Jaeger HJ, Mehring UM, Castaneda F. Sequential transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol.1996;19:388-396.
  13. Groupe d'Etude et de Traitement du Carcinome Hépatocellulaire. A comparison of lipiodol chemoembolization and conservative treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. New Engl J Med.1995; 332:1256-1261.
  14. Oldhafer KJ, Chavan A, Fruhauf NR, et al. Arterial chemoembolization before liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Marked tumor necrosis, but no survival benefit? J Hepatology.1998;29:953-959.
  15. Veltri A, Grosso M, Martina MC, et al. Effect of preoperative radiological treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation: A retrospective study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol.1998;21:393-398.
  16. Bismuth H, Morino M, Sherlock D, et al. Primary treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by arterial chemoembolization. Am J Surg.1992;163:387-394.
  17. Caturelli E, Siena DA, Fusilli S, et al. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: Evaluation of damage to nontumorous liver tis-sue -- long-term prospective study. Radiology.2000;215:123-128.
  18. Poon RT, Fan ST, Yu WC, et al. A prospective longitudinal study of quality of life after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Surg.2001;136:693-699.
  19. Ramsey DE, Kim HS, Kobeiter H, et al. Chemoembolization of liver tumors: Impact on quality of life. Presented at the 93rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; April 8, 2002; San Francisco, CA.
  20. Matsui O, Kadoya M, Yoshikawa J, et al. Subsegmental transcatheter arterial embolization for small hepatocellular carcinomas: Local therapeutic effect and 5-year survival rate. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol.1994;33(suppl):84-88.
  21. Vetter D, Wenger JJ, Bergier JM, et al. Transcatheter oily chemoembolization in the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Results of a western comparative study in 60 patients. Hepatology.1991;13:427-433.
  22. Sangro B, Herráiz M, Martínez-González MA, et al. Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in relation to treatment: A multivariate analysis of 178 patients from a single European institution. Surgery.1998; 124:575-583.
  23. Bronowicki JP, Vetter D, Dumas F, et al. Transcatheter oily chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: A 4-year study of 127 French patients. Cancer.1994;74:16-24.
  24. Simonetti RG, Liberati A, Angiolini C, et al. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ann Oncol.1997;8:117-136.
  25. Trinchet JC, Ganne-Carrie N, Beaugrand M. Intra-arterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology.1998; 45:1242-1247.
  26. Trevisani F, De Notariis S, Rossi C, et al. Randomized control trials on chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: Is there room for new studies? J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001;32:383-389.
  27. Camma C, Schepis F, Orlando A, et al. Transarterial chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Radiology. 2002;224:47-54.
  28. Bruix J, Llovet J, Castells A, et al. Transarterial embolization versus symptomatic treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Results of a randomized, controlled trial in a single institution. Hepatology.1998;27:1578-1583.
  29. Pelletier G, Roche A, Ink O, et al. A randomized trial of hepatic arterial chemoembolization in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatology.1990;11:181-184.
  30. Madden MV, Krige JEJ, Bailey S, et al. Randomised trial of targeted chemotherapy with lipiodol and 5-epidoxorubicin compared with symptomatic treatment for hepatoma. Gut. 1993;34:1598-1600.
  31. Lo CM, Ngan H, Tso WK, et al. Randomized controlled trial of transarterial lipiodol chemoembolization for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology.2002; 35:1164-1171.
  32. Geschwind JFH, Ramsey DE, Choti MA, et al. Chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma: Results of a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Oncol.2003;26:344-349.