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References for:
Epidemiology of the Vasculitides

[Curr Opin Rheumatol 15(1):11-16, 2003. © 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]

Papers of particular interest, published within the annual period of review, are highlighted as:

* Of special interest
** Of outstanding interest

  1. Watts RA, Scott DGI: Epidemiology of vasculitis. In Vasculitis. Edited by Ball GV, Bridges SL. London: Oxford University Press; 2002:211-226.
  2. Reinhold-Keller E, Herlyn K, Wagner-Bastmeyer R, et al.: No differences in the incidences of vasculitides between North and South Germany: first results of the German vasculitis register. Rheumatology 2002, 41:540-549.
    ** Largest prospective study of the epidemiology of systemic vasculitis to date.
  3. Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C, Rivas MJ, et al.: Epidemiology of biopsy proven giant cell arteritis over an 18 year period. Ann Rheum Dis 2001, 60:367-371.
    * One of the few large studies on the incidence of GCA not to come from Scandinavia or the United States.
  4. Salvarani C, Gabriel SE, O'Fallon WM, et al.: The incidence of giant cell arteritis in Olmsted County, Minnesota: apparent fluctuations in a cyclic pattern. Ann Intern Med 1995, 123:192-194.
  5. Liu NH, LaBree LD, Feldon SE, et al.: The epidemiology of giant cell arteritis: a 12 year retrospective study. Ophthalmology 2001, 108:1145-1149.
  6. Gonzalez-Gay MA, Garcia-Porrua C, Llorca J, et al.: Biopsy-negative giant cell arteritis: clinical spectrum and predictive factors for positive temporal artery biopsy. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2001, 30:249-256.
  7. Salvarani C, Hunder GG: Giant cell arteritis with low erythrocyte sedimentation rate: frequency of occurrence in a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 45:140-145.
  8. Schmidt WA, Gromnica-Ihle E: Incidence of temporal arteritis in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica: a prospective study using colour Doppler ultrasonography of the temporal arteries. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002, 41:46-52.
    * Potential new method for diagnosis of GCA.
  9. Gran JT, Myklebust G, Wilsgaard T, et al.: Survival in polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis: a study of 398 cases and matched population controls. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001, 40:1238-1242.
    ** Large outcome study of GCA and polymyalgia rheumatica.
  10. Uddhammar A, Ericksson AL, Nystrom L, et al.: Increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease in patients with giant cell arteritis in northern Sweden. J Rheumatol 2002, 29:737-742.
  11. Hachulla E, Boivin V, Pasturel-Michon U, et al.: Prognostic factors and long term evolution in a cohort of 133 patients with giant cell arteritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2001, 19:171-176.
  12. Liozon E, Herrmann F, Ly K, et al.: Risk factors for visual loss in giant cell (temporal) arteritis: a prospective study of 174 patients. Am J Med 2001, 111:211-217.
  13. Amoli MM, Shelley E, Mattey DL, et al.: Lack of association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene polymorphisms and giant cell arteritis. J Rheumatol 2001, 28:1600-1604.
  14. Regan MJ, Wood BJ, Hsieh Y-H, et al.: Temporal arteritis and Chlamydia pneumoniae. Failure to detect the organism by polymerase chain reaction in ninety cases and ninety controls. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46:1056-1060.
    * Important negative result suggesting that Chlamydia is not important in the cause of GCA.
  15. Mishima Y: Lerich Memorial Lecture at 24th World Congress. "Takayasu's arteritis in Asia." Cardiovasc Surg 2001, 9:3-10.
  16. Sueyoshi E, Sakamoto I, Hayashi K: Aortic aneurysms in patients with Takayasu's arteritis: CT evaluation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2000, 175:1727-1733.
  17. Numano F, Kishi Y, Tanaka A, et al.: Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in Takayasu arteritis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000, 902:65-76.
    * Another article supporting the inflammatory role of atheroma but based on patients with Takayasu arteritis. Although this is a review article, it outlines the current thought processes in this field well.
  18. Salazar M, Varela A, Ramirez LA, et al.: Association of HLA-DRB1*1602 and DRB1*1001 with Takayasu arteritis in Colombian mestizos as markers of Amerindian ancestry. Int J Cardiol 2000, 75:S113-S116.
  19. Vargas-Alarcón G, Flores-Domínguez C, Hernández-Pacheco G, et al.: Immunogenetics and clinical aspects of Takayasu's arteritis patients in a Mexican Mestizo population. Clin Exp Rheumatolol 2001, 19:439-443.
  20. Vargas-Alarcón G, Zúñiga J, Gamboa R, et al.: DNA sequencing of HLA-B alleles in Mexican patients with Takayasu arteritis. Int J Cardiol 2000, 75:S117-S122.
  21. Watts RA, Koldingsnes W, Nossent H, et al.: Epidemiology of vasculitis in Europe. Ann Rheum Dis 2001, 60:1156-1157.
  22. Watts RA, Lane SE, Bentham G, et al.: Epidemiology of systemic vasculitis-a ten year study in the United Kingdom. Arthritis Rheum 2000, 43:414-419.
    * Comparative study of the epidemiology of vasculitis in three European regions.
  23. Knight A, Askling J, Ekbom A: Cancer incidence in a population based cohort of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. Int J Cancer 2002, 100:82-85.
  24. Wechsler ME, Finn D, Gunawardena D, et al.: Churg-Strauss syndrome in patients receiving montelukast as treatment for asthma. Chest 2000, 117:708-713.
  25. Loughlin JE, Cole JA, Rothman KJ, et al.: Prevalence of serious eosinophilia and incidence of Churg Strauss syndrome in a cohort of asthma patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002, 88:319-325.
  26. Calvino MC, Llorca J, Garcia-Porrua C, et al.: Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children from northwestern Spain: a 20 year epidemiologic and clinical study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2001, 80:279-290.
  27. Amoli MM, Thomson W, Hajeer AH, et al.: HLA-DRB1*01 association with Henoch-Schönlein purpura in patients from northwest Spain. J Rheumatol 2001, 28:1266-1270.
  28. Amoli MM, Mattey DL, Calvino MC, et al.: Polymorphism at codon 469 of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 locus is associated with protection against severe gastrointestinal complications in Henoch-Schönlein purpura. J Rheumatol 2001, 28:1014-1048.
  29. Liu Z, Yang J, Chen Z, et al.: Gene polymorphism in IL-1 receptor antagonist affects its production by monocytes in IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein nephritis. Chin Med J 2001, 114:1313-1316.
  30. Ayoub EM, McBride J, Schmiederer M, et al.: Role of Bartonella henselae in the aetiology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:28-31.
  31. Heegard ED, Taaning EB: Parvovirus B19 and parvovirus V9 are not associated with Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:31-34.
  32. Yanagawa H, Nakamura Y, Yashiro M, et al.: Incidence survey of Kawasaki disease in 1997 and 1998 in Japan. Pediatrics 2001, 107:E33.
  33. Chang R-KR: Hospitalisations for Kawasaki disease among children in the United States, 1988-97. Pediatrics 2002, 109:E87.
  34. Harnden A, Alves B, Sheikh A: Rising incidence of Kawasaki disease in England: analysis of hospital admission data. BMJ 2002, 324:1424-1425.
    * Hospital-based study reporting an increasing incidence of KD in the United Kingdom.
  35. Du ZD, Zhang T, Liang L, et al.: Epidemiologic picture of Kawasaki disease in Beijing from 1995 through 1999. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002, 21:103-107.
  36. Hirata S, Nakamura Y, Yanagawa H: Incidence rate of recurrent Kawasaki disease and related risk factors: from the results of nationwide surveys of Kawasaki disease in Japan. Acta Paediatr 2001, 90:40-44.
    ** Important update on the rising incidence of KD in Japan.
  37. Makamura Y, Yanagawa H, Harada K, et al.: Mortality among persons with a history of Kawasaki disease in Japan: the fifth look. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002, 156:162-165.
  38. Hirata S, Nakamura Y, Matsumoto K, et al.: Long term consequences of Kawasaki disease among first-year junior high school students. Arch Pediatr Adolsec Med 2002, 156:77-80.
  39. Silva AA, Maeno Y, Hashmi A, et al.: Cardiovascular risk factors after Kawasaki disease: a case-control study. J Pediatr 2001, 138:400-405.
  40. Kafetzis DA, Maltezou HC, Constantopoulou I, et al.: Lack of association between Kawasaki syndrome and infection with Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia typhi, Coxiella burnetii or Ehrlichia phagocytophilia group. Pedidiatr Infect Dis J 2001, 20:703-706.
  41. Quasney MW, Bronstein DE, Cantor RM, et al.: Increased frequency of alleles associated with elevated tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels in children with Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Res 2001, 49:686-689.
  42. Sohn MH, Hur MW, Kim DS: Interleukin 6 gene promoter polymorphism is not associated with Kawasaki disease. Genes Immun 2001, 2:357-362.
  43. Jiao F, Yang L, Li Y, et al.: Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease in Shaanxi province, China, 1993-1997. J Trop Pediatr 2001, 47:54-56.
  44. Sasaki S, Sakuma M, Yasuda K: Current status of thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) in Japan. Int J Cardiol 2000, 75:S175-S181.
    * This review analyzes large numbers of patients from the Intractable Vasculitis Syndromes Research Group producing data on one of the largest numbers of patients with thromboangiitis obliterans so far reported.
  45. Rahman M, Chowdhury AS, Fukui T, et al.: Association of thromboangiitis obliterans with cigarette and bidi smoking in Bangladesh: a case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 2000, 29:266-270.
  46. Noöl B: Thromboangiitis obliterans a new look for an old disease [editorial]. Int J Cardiol 2001, 78:199.
  47. Avcu F, Akar E, Demirkiliç U, et al.: The role of prothrombotic mutations in patients with Buerger's disease. Thromb Res 2000, 100:143-147.
  48. Bang D: Clinical spectrum of Behçet's disease. J Dermatol 2001, 28:610-613.
  49. Bang D, Lee JH, Lee E-S, et al.: Epidemiologic and clinical survey of Behçet's disease in Korea: the first multicenter study. J Korean Med Sci 2001, 16:615-618.
    * The first survey of Behçet disease in Korea includes significant numbers of patients and highlights the potential differences and similarities of this condition in different parts of the world.
  50. Muhaya M, Lightman S, Ideda E, et al.: Behçet's disease in Japan and in Great Britain: a comparative study. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2000, 8:141-148.
  51. Krause I, Mader R, Sulkes J, et al.: Behçet's disease in Israel: the influence of ethnic origin on disease expression and severity. J Rheumatol 2001, 28:1033-1036.
  52. Schwartz T, Langevitz P, Zemer D, et al.: Behçet's disease in familial Mediterranean fever: characterization of the association between the two diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2000, 29:286-295.
  53. Ames PRJ, Steuer A, Pap A, et al.: Thrombosis in Behçet's disease: a retrospective survey from a single UK centre. Rheumatology 2001, 40:652-655.
  54. Aksu K, Turgan N, Oksel F, et al.: Hyperhomocyteinaemia in Behçet's disease. Rheumatology 2001, 40:687-690.
  55. Melikoglu M, Altiparmak , Fresko ¡, et al.: A reappraisal of amyloidosis in Behçet's syndrome. Rheumatology 2001, 40:212-215.
  56. Cengiz M, Altundag MK, Zorlu AF, et al.: Malignancy in Behçet's disease: a report of 13 cases and a review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol 2001, 20:239-244.
  57. Nishiyama M, Nakae K, Umehara T: A study of familial occurrence of Behçet's disease with and without ocular lesions. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2001, 45:313-316.
  58. Choukri F, Chakib A, Himmich H, et al.: HLA-B*51 and B*15 alleles confer predisposition to Behçet's disease in Moroccan patients. Hum Immunol 2001, 62:180-185.
  59. Mizuki N, Ota M, Yabuki K, et al.: Localization of the pathogenic gene of Behçet's disease by microsatellite analysis of three different populations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000, 41:3702-3708.
    * An interesting study of the role of different genes in Behçet disease suggesting that HLA-B51 itself is the pathogenic gene rather than other genes located nearby using microsatellite analysis technology.