Medscape www.medscape.com

References for:
Folate and Vitamin B12-Deficiency Anemias in Vietnamese Immigrants Living in Southern California

[South Med J 93(1):53-57, 2000. © 2000 Southern Medical Association]


  1. US Committee for Refugees, Immigration and Refugee Services of America. Refugee Reports 1995; 12:10-11
  2. Fairbanks VF, Gilchrist GS, Brimhall B, et al: Hemoglobin E trait reexamined: a cause of microcytosis and erythrocytosis. Blood 1979; 53:109-115
  3. Hurst D, Tittle B, Kleman KM, et al: Anemia and hemoglobinopathies in Southeast Asian refugee children. J Pediatr 1983; 102:692-697
  4. Dode C, Berth A, Bourdillon F, et al: Haemoglobin disorders among Southeast-Asian refugees in France. Acta haematol 1987; 78:135-136
  5. Wintrobe MM: Anemia -- classification and treatment on the basis of differences in the average value and hemoglobin content of the red corpuscles. Arch Intern Med 1934; 54:256-280
  6. Wheeler LA, Brecher G, Sheiner LB: Clinical laboratory use in the evaluation of anemia. JAMA 1977; 238:2709-2714
  7. Griner PF, Oranberg PR: Predictive values of erythrocyte indices for tests of iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiency. Am J Clin Pathol 1978; 70:748-752
  8. Croft RF, Streeter AM, O'Neill BJ: Red cell indices in megaloblastosis and iron deficiency. Pathology 1974; 6:107-117
  9. Spivak JL: Masked megaloblastic anemia. Arch Intern Med 1982; 142:2111-2114
  10. Green R, Kuhl W, Jacobson R, et al: Masking of macrocytosis by alpha-thalassemia in blacks with pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med 1982; 307:1322-1325
  11. Thompson WG, Babitz L, Cassino C, et al: Evaluation of current criteria used to measure vitamin B12 levels. Am J Med 1987; 82:291-294
  12. Craig GM, Elliot C, Hughes KR: Masked vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in the elderly. Br J Nutr 1985; 54; 613-619
  13. Seward SJ, Safran C, Marton KI, et al: Does the mean corpuscular volume help physicians evaluate hospitalized patients with anemia? J Gen Intern Med 1990; 5:187-191
  14. Bessman JD, Gilmer PR, Gardner FH: Improved classification of anemias by MCV and RDW. Am J Clin Pathol 1983; 80:322-326
  15. Morgan DL, Peck SD: The use of red cell distribution width in the detection of iron deficiency in chronic hemodialysis patients. Am J Clin Pathol 1988; 89:513-515
  16. Saxena S, Weiner JM, Carmel R: Red cell distribution width in untreated pernicious anemia. Am J Clin Pathol 1988; 89:660-663
  17. Lindenbaum J: Status of laboratory testing in the diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia. 1983; 61:624-627
  18. Herbert V: Megaloblastic anemias. Lab Invest 1985; 52:3-19
  19. Cooper BA, Whitehead VM: Evidence that some patients with pernicious anemia are not recognized by radiodilution assay for cobalamin in serum. N Engl J Med 1978; 299:815-818
  20. Kolhouse JF, Kondo H, Allen CN, et al: Cobalamin analogues are present in human plasma and can mask cobalamin deficiency because current radioisotope dilution assays are not specific for true cobalamin. N Engl J Med 1978; 299:785-792
  21. Salvage D, Lindenbaum J: Anemia in alcoholics. Medicine 1986; 65:322-338
  22. Kristensen HPO, Gormsen H: Vitamin B12 deficiency in uncharacteristic macrocytic anemia: comparison of bone marrow findings and vitamin B12 level in plasma. Acta Med Scand 1958; 162:415-422
  23. Carmel R, Karnaze DS: The deoxyuridine suppression test identifies subtle cobalamin deficiency in patients without typical megaloblastic anemia. JAMA 1985; 253:1284-1287
  24. Mollin DL, Ross GIM: The vitamin B12 concentrations of normals and of patients with megaloblastic anemias and other diseases. J Clin Pathol 1952; 5:129-139
  25. Gaffney GW, Horonick A, Okuda K, et al: Vitamin B12 serum concentrations in 528 apparently healthy human subjects of ages 12-94. J Gerontol 1957; 12:32-38
  26. Herbert V: Experimental nutritional folate deficiency in man. Trans Assoc Am Physicians 1962; 75:307-320
  27. Hoffbrand AV, Newcombe BFA, Mollin DL: Method of assay of red cell folate activity and the value of the assay as a test for folate deficiency. J Clin Pathol 1966; 19:17-28
  28. Das KC, Herbert V, Colman N, et al: Unmasking covert folate deficiency in iron-deficient subjects with neutrophil hypersegmentation: dU suppression tests on lymphocytes and bone marrow. Br J Hematol 1978; 39:357-375
  29. Colman N, Herbert V: Total folate binding capacity of normal human plasma, and variations in uremia, cirrhosis, and pregnancy. Blood 1976; 48:911-921
  30. Mollin DL, Anderson BB, Burman JF: The serum vitamin B12 level: its assay and significance. Clin Haematol 1976; 5:521-546
  31. Cooper BA, Lowenstein L: Relative folate deficiency of erythrocytes in pernicious anemia and its correction with cyanocobalamin. Blood 1964; 24:502-521
  32. Chanarin I, Malkowska V, Oíhea AM, et al: Megaloblastic anemia in a vegetarian Hindu community. Lancet 1985; 2:1168-1172
  33. Spray GH, Witts JJ: Excretion of formimino-glutamic acid as an index of folic acid deficiency. Lancet 1959; 2:702-704
  34. Knowles JP, Prankerd TA: Abnormal folic acid metabolism in vitamin B12 deficiency. Clin Sci 1962; 22:233-238
  35. Herbert V, Das KC: The role of vitamin B12 and folic acid in hemato- and other cell-poiesis. Vitam Horm 1976; 34:1-30
  36. Tungtrongchitr R, Pongpaew P, Prayurahong B, et al: Vitamin B12, folic acid and haematological status of 132 Thai vegetarians. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1993; 63:201-207